Agrarian Science and Food Technologies

Razanova O.P., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor

Vinnitsa National Agrarian University

In order to replenish the winter stock of feed, a partial replacement of fodder honey with sugar syrup is used in beekeeping. The processing of sugar syrup by bees shortens their lifetime, reduces cold resistance and supply of nutrients in the body. We can see the solution of this problem in the wider use of probiotics. The purpose of the work was to substantiate the possibility of using the probiotic Bioseven based on aerobic spore-forming bacteria in beekeeping and to study its effect on the viability of bees. The lifetime of bees in entomological nets was investigated at the first stage, while the mass of their rectum was studied at the second one. For this purpose, 2 groups with 3 nets in each were formed. The nets were populated with one-day bees. 50 young bees were placed into the net and kept in the thermostat at the temperature of 28⁰С and the humidity of 50-80%. In order to feed bees, one tube with syrup and another with water were put into the nets. The bees of the control group were given a sugar syrup (1:1). The bees of the experimental group received the sugar syrup with the investigated additive Bioseven, at a rate of 2 mg per 1 liter of syrup. Each net received 2.0 ml of feed and 1 ml of water daily. The experiment lasted 36 days from the beginning until the death of more than half of bees. The dry milk whey is an auxiliary substance in the additive Bioseven. 7.9% of bees were lost in the 1^st group and 1.7% in the 2^nd one during the first decade of the experiment. At the 20^th day there were 19.3% of dead bees in the experimental group against 46.3% in the control. At the 30^th day 70.5% of bees died in the 1^st group, while 41.4% – in the 2^nd. At the end of the experiment there were 79.3% of dead bees in the control group and 52.0% in the experimental one. The highest mortality in the control group was from the 16^th to 22^nd day, while in the experimental group – from the 18^th to 24^th day. At the end of the experiment, at the 36^th day, the best viability indicators were found in the experimental group (by 27.6% higher), where bees consumed a probiotic additive based on lactic acid bacteria. The largest mass of rectum was detected in the control group, where it was 31.6 mg on average. In the group of bees, having consumed the syrup with lactic acid bacteria, the amount of undigested residues was found to be lower and amounted to 24.2 mg with rectum. This indicator in the experimental group was lower by 7.4 mg or 23.4% compared to the control.

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