Agrarian Science and Food Technologies

Zotko N.A., Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor

Vinnytsia National  Agrarian University

It has been established that the queen exhibits maximum egg-laying quality during the period of intensive development of the family and accumulation of  number of working bees to the main honey harvest.

The comparison of the reproductive activity of the queens of different age and mass shows that more massive females tended to have better productivity at the beginning and at the end of the season, and during the maximum bribe yielded a lighter weight.

Thus, the queens of the first year of use with mass  more than 260 mg were predominant to the  small ones  in terms of  number of layed eggs at the beginning of the season and in September, respectively, by 26 and 31%, while in the period of maximum egg-laying yielded 20%.

In the second group, the queens of the second year of use with a greater weight at the beginning and at the end of the season significantly exceeded the reproductive performance - in  spring - 13%, in  autumn - more than 67%. During  maximum development, the first group fell by 7.4% in terms of number of cultivars grown. In all cases, the difference between subgroups is unlikely (P<0.90). On average, during twenty-four period of time the queens, of different weights delayed 1103 eggs per day.

It was established that the egg laying quality of the queens of different masses in the first year was higher in comparison with the second year by 14.5%.

During the second year tof use queens weighing more than 260 mg prevailed  the first group in  spring and autumn periods and the maximum growth time, respectively, at 16.1, 4.2 and 33%.

Heavy queens of the first group during  summer period tended to benefitin comparison with the queens of the second year of use. This difference ranged from 3 to 10%, and in autumn it was 72.5%. The probable difference between subgroups of mothers of the first and second year of use has not been established (P<0.90).

It was found that bee families, which contained queens of the first year of use, had lower honey productivity, unlike the subgroups in which the queens worked during the second season.

In the families where the queens weighed more than 260 mg, 19.3-26.2% less honey was pumped than in the families with the second year queens. Between the experimental subgroups, which had the queens in the first year of use, no probable difference was detected, but where the queens of the second year worked, the difference was probable (P>0.90).

Reproductive activity of the queens depends to a certain extent on age and body weight, however, it is highly dependent on natural climatic conditions, the presence of honey collection and the strength of families.

References

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