Agrarian Science and Food Technologies

Lutsenko M.M., Doctor of Agricultural Science, Professor

Borshch A.V., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor

Borshch A.A., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Assistant

Bilotsrkivskiy National Agrarian University

Intensive milk production technology involves the use of animals that meet the morphological and physiological features of the planned volume of productivity, resistance to adverse environmental conditions and pathological factors. Modern dairy cattle breeding is characterized by the breeding of high-yielding cattle in rather «hard» technological conditions, when different types of stress are influenced by the animal's organism. The peculiarities of the metabolism of the organism, the process of growth and development, and the level of reactivity are illustrated by many constitutional parameters, of which the functional state of the hoofed horn is most revealing.

Among the main causes of the outbreak of diseases of the limbs in the cattle distinguish active holsteinization of local breeds, as well as the purchase of imported cows, which have a weakly developed musculoskeletal system and a soft hoof horn with a large live weight. Many researchers point out that the morphological and biophysical parameters of the cow's hoof can be improved by breeding methods, and depend on them, including from the breed's affiliation.  Holstein cattle, along with obvious advantages, also have disadvantages – one of which is frequent diseases of the limbs, which shortens the period of productive use of cows and increases the percentage of their excrement.  One of the main causes of early dislocation of cows from the herd is limb disease. In some industrial plants, the disease of ratites reaches 80%, which largely affects milk productivity.

The aim of the research was to study the strength of the hoofed cow of local breeds and their meadows with Brown Swiss and Montbéliarde breeds.  It was established that domestic cows dominated pure-breed analogues by the main measures of hoof, as well as biotechnological and biophysical features of the strength of the hoof.  The local cows of the Ukrainian Black-Spotted and Brown Swiss breeds dominated the pure-bred species in length, width, girth, height and diagonal on average 0.44 cm, 0.27, 0.17, 0.12 and 0.39 cm. In the area of Ukrainian Red-Spotted and Montbéliarde breeds dominated pure-breed analogues by the same indices of 0.51 cm, 0.38, 0.78, 0.27 and 0.51 cm. In the area of Ukrainian Black-Spotted and Brown Swiss breeds prevailing pure-blooded black-and-rumped analogues prevailing at 21.61 kg (P<0.05), and Ukrainian Red-Spotted and Montbéliarde breeds 39.21 kg (P<0.001) and somewhat dominated by hardness and elasticity the hoof.

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