Agrarian Science and Food Technologies

Razanova O.P., Candidate o f Agricultural Science, Associate Professor

Vinnitsa National Agrarian University

A comparative analysis of dairy productivity of cows of different lines in the conditions of breeding reproductive farm «Shcherbich», which belongs to one of the best farms in Ukraine for breeding Ukrainian black and red dairy breed. Cows with 1-3 lactation in the herd structure occupy 79%. The average cow productivity was 6200 kg of milk with a fat content of 3.8% and a milk fat content of 236 kg. The highest yield for 305 days of lactation was found in cows with 4 lactation - 6958,1 kg. First-born cows have 81.8% of the productivity of full-grown cows, 90% in the second calving and 99.5% in the third calving. For insemination of the uterine stock of cows, they used the breeding boogie, which belonged to the lines of Starbuck, Elevation, Matt, Chif, Chiftein and Elevation. Starbuck's line is the largest in terms of number of daughters - 56.5%. The highest milk yields for the first and third lactations were obtained from the cows of the Starbuck line, for the second - the Eleven line, and the fourth - the Chiff line. Hope for the cow in the I-IV lactation of the Starbuck line was 6526.5 kg, Matt - less by 490.7 kg, Chiff line - 210.3 kg. and Elevation lines - 5824.2 kg of milk. The lowest yields for lactation I and II were for daughters of the Matt line (5185 and 5384 kg, respectively), III lactation - for the Elevation line (5703.2 kg), and for the IV line - Matt (6791 kg). The highest fat content for the first lactation was in the firstborn of the Elevation line (3.71%), for the second and third lactation - the Elevation line (3.70 and 3.72% respectively), for the fourth lactation - in the animals of the Matt line (3.66 %). For the first lactation, the hope exceeded the live weight by 10.8 times, for the second - by 12.8, the third and fourth lactation - by 11.7 times. All daughters of these lines were dominated by the breed standard in terms of milk productivity (hope, fat content and amount of milk fat). Cows of 1 lactation have a weight gain over the standard by 38.6 kg, II by 12.8 kg, III by 1.1 kg and IV lactation by 5 kg. The highest amount of milk fat was obtained for 4 lactations from a cow originating from the Sudanese boogie (352 kg), for the third lactation - from the Hiata brood (248 kg), the second from the Sudanese (330 kg). In 2016-2018, 24 breeder cows were obtained in the breeder reproductive herd, one of which is above 9000 kg and eight above 8000 kg. Sudan's largest pedigree is 7934 (8 cows). The highest rates of dairy productivity were noted by the daughters of the Starbuck lineage. The first insemination of cows in the herd was 18.7 months. The highest age was characterized by the heifers of the Matt line (565.6 days) and the smallest - the daughters of the Starbak line (558.4 days).

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